ʻO ke kila fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) kahi ʻano mea hou i hiki ke ninini ʻia a hoʻoulu ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka nui kūpono o ke kaula kila pōkole i loko o ka pāpaʻi maʻamau. Ua ulu wikiwiki ia ma ka home a ma waho i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Ua lanakila i nā hemahema o ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa, ka elongation hope liʻiliʻi a me ka waiwai brittle o ke kaʻa. Loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e like me ka ikaika tensile, ke kūlou ʻana, ke kūpaʻa shear, ka pale ʻana i ka māwae, ka luhi luhi a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻenekinia hydraulic, ke alanui a me ke alahaka, ke kūkulu ʻana a me nā ʻoihana ʻenehana ʻē aʻe.

 

一.Ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka fiber kila

 

Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) ʻo ia ka pōkole o ka fiber reinforced concrete. ʻO ia ka mea maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka sima i haku ʻia me ka pāpaʻi sima, mortar a me ka fiber metala, fiber inorganic a i ʻole nā ​​mea i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber organik. He mea hale hou ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻopuehu like ʻana i nā fibers pōkole a maikaʻi me ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, ka elongation kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa alkali kiʻekiʻe i ka matrix siki. Hiki i ka fiber i loko o ke kaʻa ke kaupalena i ka hana ʻana o nā māwae mua i loko o ke kaʻa a me ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o nā māwae ma lalo o ka hana o ka ikaika o waho, e lanakila maikaʻi i nā hemahema e like me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, maʻalahi ka haki ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa luhi maikaʻi ʻole, a hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana. o ka impermeability, ka wai, ka hau kū'ē a me ka ho'oikaika 'ana i ka ho'opalekana. Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻonaʻauao a me ka ʻenekinia ma ka ʻenekinia hana ma muli o kāna hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. 1907 loea Soviet B П. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Hekpocab e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau metala i hoʻoikaika ʻia; I ka makahiki 1910, ua paʻi ʻo HF Porter i kahi hōʻike noiʻi e pili ana i ka pulupulu i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ke kaʻa, me ka manaʻo e hoʻopuehu like ʻia nā kaula kila pōkole i loko o ke kaila e hoʻoikaika ai i nā mea matrix; I ka makahiki 1911, ua hoʻohui ʻo Graham o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka wili kila i loko o ka pāpaʻi maʻamau e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa o ka ʻili; Ma ka makahiki 1940, ua nui ka noiʻi ʻana o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Beretania, Palani, Kelemānia, Iapana a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaula kila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pale ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka ʻokiʻoki, ka ʻenehana hana ʻana o ke kila fiber concrete, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana. ke ʻano o ke kaula kila e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ma waena o ka fiber a me ka matrix concrete; I ka makahiki 1963, ua paʻi ʻo JP romualdi lāua ʻo GB Batson i kahi pepa e pili ana i ka mīkini hoʻomohala māwae o ke kila fiber i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a waiho i mua i ka manaʻo e hoʻoholo ʻia ka ikaika māwae o ke kila kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka awelika spacing o nā fibers kila e pāʻani ana i ka hana kūpono. i ke koʻikoʻi tensile (fiber spacing theory), pēlā e hoʻomaka ai i ka pae hoʻomohala kūpono o kēia mea hou. A hiki i kēia manawa, me ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila fiber i hoʻoikaika ʻia, ma muli o ka mahele like ʻole o nā fibers i loko o ka pāpaʻi, aia ka nui o ʻehā mau ʻano: ke kila fiber reinforced concrete, hybrid fiber reinforced concrete, layered steel fiber reinforced concrete and layered hybrid fiber. paʻa paʻa.

 

二.ʻO ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka mīkini o ke kila fiber i hoʻoikaikaʻia

 

1.Composite mechanics theory. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kumumanaʻo o ka mechanics composite ma luna o ke kumumanaʻo o nā composite fiber mau a hui pū ʻia me nā hiʻohiʻona kahele ʻana o nā fibers kila i loko o ka koneki. Ma kēia kumumanaʻo, manaʻo ʻia nā composites he ʻelua-phase composites me ka fiber ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi a me ka matrix e like me ka pae ʻē aʻe.

 

ʻO ka manaʻo hoʻokaʻawale pili. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka manaʻo hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ke kumumanaʻo kūʻē ʻana, ma muli o nā mechanics fracture elastic linear. Manaʻo kēia manaʻo e pili wale ana ka hopena hoʻoikaika o nā fibers i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka fiber spacing (ka palena liʻiliʻi).

 

三？ʻIkepili i ke kūlana hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kila fiber reinforced concrete

 

1.ʻO ke kaula kila i hoʻoikaika ʻia.ʻO ke kila fiber reinforced concrete he ʻano ʻano like ʻole a me ka multi-directional reinforced concrete i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa, ke kila kila a me nā fibers FRP i loko o ka pōpō maʻamau. ʻO ka nui o ka hui ʻana o ke kaula kila he 1% ~ 2% ma ka leo, aʻo 70 ~ 100kg ke kila kila i hui pū ʻia i kēlā me kēia mika cubic o ke kaila ma ke kaupaona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kaula kila he 25 ~ 60mm, ʻo ke anawaena he 0.25 ~ 1.25mm, a ʻo ka lākiō maikaʻi loa o ka lōʻihi i ke anawaena he 50 ~ 700. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pāpaʻi maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka tensile, shear, bending , ʻaʻahu a paʻa i ka pale ʻana, akā hoʻomaikaʻi nui hoʻi i ka paʻakikī o ka haʻihaʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena o ke kaʻa, a hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ke kūpaʻa luhi a me ka lōʻihi o ka hale, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia e 10 ~ 20 mau manawa. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano mechanical o ke kila fiber reinforced concrete a me ka mea maʻamau i Kina. I ka 15% ~ 20% ka nui o ke kaula kila a me ka ratio sima wai he 0.45, piʻi ka ikaika tensile e 50% ~ 70%, piʻi ka ikaika flexural e 120% ~ 180%, piʻi ka ikaika o ka hopena e 10 ~ 20. nā manawa, piʻi ka ikaika o ka luhi i ka 15 ~ 20 mau manawa, piʻi ka paʻakikī flexural e 14 ~ 20 mau manawa, a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ke kūpaʻa ʻana. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kino a me nā ʻano mīkini i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kila fiber ma mua o ka pākaukau.

2.Hybrid fiber concrete. Hōʻike nā ʻikepili noiʻi pili ʻaʻole e hoʻoikaika nui ka fiber kila i ka ikaika compressive o ke kaʻa, a i ʻole e hōʻemi; Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka paʻa paʻa, aia nā manaʻo maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole (hoʻonui a hoʻemi) a i ʻole nā ​​​​manaʻo waena e pili ana i ka impermeability, ke kūpaʻa ʻana, ka hopena a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ke kaula kila i hoʻoikaika ʻia a me ka pale ʻana i ka shrinkage plastik mua o ke koneki. Eia kekahi, he mau pilikia ko ka fiber steel reinforced concrete, e like me ka dosage nui, ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻōpala a ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe kūʻē kūʻē ʻana i ke ahi i hoʻopili ʻia i kāna noi i nā pae like ʻole. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomaka kekahi poʻe loea kūloko a me nā haole e hoʻolohe i ka hybrid fiber concrete (HFRC), e ho'āʻo ana e hui pū i nā fibers me nā waiwai like ʻole a me nā pōmaikaʻi, aʻo mai kekahi i kekahi, a hāʻawi i ka pāʻani i ka "hopena hybrid maikaʻi" ma nā pae like ʻole. ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā pae e hoʻonui i nā ʻano waiwai like ʻole o ke koki, i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā pono o nā papahana like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, e pili ana i kāna mau ʻano mechanical like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona deformation luhi a me ka pōʻino luhi, ke kānāwai hoʻomohala deformation a me nā hiʻohiʻona pōʻino ma lalo o nā ukana static a me ka ikaika a me ka amplitude mau a i ʻole ka loli amplitude cyclic load, ka nui o ka hui ʻana a me ka hui pū ʻana o ka fiber, ka pilina. ma waena o nā ʻāpana o nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia, ka hopena hoʻoikaika a me ka hoʻoikaika ikaika, ka hana anti fatigue, ka hana hemahema a me ka ʻenehana kūkulu hale, pono e aʻo hou ʻia nā pilikia o ka hoʻolālā hoʻohui.

3.Layered kila fiber i hoʻoikaikaʻia.ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hui pū ʻana o ka fiber monolithic fiber, maʻalahi ka fiber e agglomerate, nui ka nui o ka fiber, a he kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai, e pili ana i kāna noi ākea. Ma o ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻenekinia a me ka noiʻi manaʻo, ua manaʻo ʻia kahi ʻano hou o ke ʻano o ka fiber steel, layer steel fiber reinforced concrete (LSFRC). ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wili kila i puʻunaue like ʻia ma luna a me lalo o ka papa alanui, a ʻo ka waena he ʻano paʻa paʻa. ʻO ke kaula kila ma LSFRC ka mea maʻamau e puʻunaue lima ʻia a i ʻole mechanically. He lōʻihi ke kaula kila, a ʻo ke anawaena o ka lōʻihi ma waena o 70 ~ 120, e hōʻike ana i kahi mahele ʻelua. Me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā waiwai mechanical, ʻaʻole e hōʻemi wale kēia mea i ka nui o ka fiber kila, akā pale pū nō hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka fiber agglomeration i ka hui ʻana o ka fiber integral reinforced concrete. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kūlana o ka papa fiber kila i loko o ke koʻikoʻi ka hopena nui i ka ikaika flexural o ke kaʻa. ʻO ka hopena hoʻoikaika o ka papa fiber kila ma lalo o ke kaʻa ka mea maikaʻi loa. Me ke kūlana o ka papa fiber kila e neʻe ana i luna, ua emi nui ka hopena hoʻoikaika. ʻOi aku ka ikaika flexural o LSFRC ma mua o 35% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka pāpaʻi paʻa me ka ʻāpana hui like, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea hoʻohui i hoʻohui ʻia i ke kila kila. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka LSFRC ke mālama i ka nui o nā kumu kūʻai, a ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka hui ʻana. No laila, he mea hou ʻo LSFRC me nā pōmaikaʻi pilikanaka a me ka hoʻokele waiwai a me nā manaʻo noiʻi ākea, i kūpono i ka hoʻolaha ʻia a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kahua.

 

4.Layered hybrid fiber concrete.ʻO ka Layer hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (LHFRC) kahi mea i hoʻohui ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 0.1% polypropylene fiber ma ke kumu o LSFRC a me ka hāʻawi like ʻana i ka nui o nā fibers polypropylene maikaʻi a pōkole me ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a me ka elongation kiʻekiʻe loa i ke kila luna a me lalo. puluniu pulupulu a me ka papu ma ka papa waena. Hiki iā ia ke lanakila i ka nawaliwali o ka LSFRC intermediate plain concrete layer a pale i nā pōʻino palekana ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaula kila. Hiki i ka LHFRC ke hoʻoikaika nui i ka ikaika flexural o ke kaʻa. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pāpaʻi paʻa, ua hoʻonui ʻia kona ikaika flexural o ka pāpaʻi paʻa ma kahi o 20%, a i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me LSFRC, ua hoʻonui ʻia kona ikaika flexural e 2.6%, akā he liʻiliʻi ka hopena i ka modulus elastic elastic o ka siki. ʻO ka modulus elastic flexural o LHFRC he 1.3% ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ko ka pahu paʻa a me ka 0.3% haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka LSFRC. Hiki nō hoʻi iā LHFRC ke hoʻoikaika nui i ka paʻakikī o ka wili, a ʻo kāna ʻōlelo kuhikuhi paʻakikī e pili ana i 8 mau manawa o ka paʻa paʻa a me 1.3 mau manawa o ka LSFRC. Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka hana ʻokoʻa o ʻelua a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā fibers i LHFRC i loko o ke koneki, e like me ka pono o ka ʻenekinia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hopena hybrid maikaʻi o ka fiber synthetic a me ke kila kila i loko o ke koneki e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ductility, durability, toughness, crack strength. , ka ikaika flexural a me ka ikaika tensile o ka mea, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o ka mea.

——Abstract (Shanxi architecture, Vol. 38, No. 11, Chen Huiqing)